Nickel sulfide (NiS) is a compound of nickel and sulfur. It’s used in various industries, including ceramics and glass, due to its unique properties and applications.
| IUPAC Name | Nickel Sulfide |
| Molecular Formula | NiS |
| CAS Number | 16812-54-7 |
| Synonyms | Nickel(II) sulfide, Dinickel monosulfide, Nickelous sulfide |
| InChI | InChI=1S/Ni.S/q+2;-2 |
Nickel Sulfide Properties
Nickel Sulfide Formula
The chemical formula of nickel monosulfide is NiS. It consists of one nickel (Ni) atom and one sulfur (S) atom, indicating a one-to-one ratio between the two elements.
Nickel Sulfide Molar Mass
The molar mass of nickel monosulfide (NiS) is approximately 90.76 grams per mole (g/mol). This value is calculated by adding the atomic masses of one nickel atom and one sulfur atom.
Nickel Sulfide Boiling Point
Nickel Sulfide does not have a well-defined boiling point, as it tends to decompose before reaching its boiling point due to its chemical properties. However, this decomposition can occur at elevated temperatures.
Nickel Sulfide Melting Point
The melting point of nickel monosulfide is around 797 degrees Celsius (1467 degrees Fahrenheit). This temperature represents the point at which the solid nickel monosulfide transitions into a liquid state.
Nickel Sulfide Density g/mL
The density of nickel monosulfide is about 5.9 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³). This density value indicates the mass of nickel monosulfide per unit volume and is relatively high due to the compact arrangement of its atoms.
Nickel Sulfide Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of nickel monosulfide (NiS) is approximately 90.76 g/mol. This value is determined by summing the atomic weights of nickel and sulfur present in the compound.
Nickel Sulfide Structure
Nickel monosulfide can adopt various crystal structures, including hexagonal and cubic arrangements. These structures affect its physical and chemical properties, making it useful in different applications like semiconductors and catalysts.
Nickel Sulfide Solubility
Nickel monosulfide has limited solubility in water and many other solvents. Its solubility depends on factors like temperature, pH, and the presence of other ions. Generally, it is considered insoluble in aqueous solutions. However, it can react with acids to form soluble nickel salts.
| Appearance | Black solid |
| Specific Gravity | 5.9 g/cm³ |
| Color | Black |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molar Mass | 90.76 g/mol |
| Density | 5.9 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 797°C (1467°F) |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes at high temperatures |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Water Solubility | Limited solubility |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water, react with acids to form soluble nickel salts |
| Vapour Pressure | Not applicable |
| Vapour Density | Not applicable |
| pKa | Not applicable |
| pH | Neutral |
Nickel Sulfide Safety and Hazards
Nickel monosulfide poses potential safety hazards. Inhalation or ingestion of its dust may lead to respiratory irritation and digestive discomfort. Skin contact could result in irritation or dermatitis, particularly for sensitive individuals. Prolonged exposure to high levels may lead to more severe respiratory issues. Combustion or decomposition releases toxic fumes, requiring proper ventilation and protective gear. Safe handling includes using gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat. Prevent contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. In case of exposure, rinse affected areas with water and seek medical attention if symptoms persist. Always follow safety guidelines and work in well-ventilated areas.
| Hazard Symbols | Irritant, Health Hazard |
| Safety Description | Handle with care. Use proper protective equipment. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and inhalation of dust. Work in well-ventilated areas. |
| UN IDs | Not applicable |
| HS Code | Not applicable |
| Hazard Class | Environmental Hazard (N) |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| Toxicity | Can cause irritation; prolonged exposure to high levels might lead to more severe respiratory issues. |
Nickel Sulfide Synthesis Methods
Nickel monosulfide can be synthesized through various methods. One common approach involves the reaction between a soluble Ni salt, like NiCl2 or Ni(NO3)2, and a soluble sulfide source, such as sodium sulfide or hydrogen sulfide gas. This precipitation method yields solid nickel monosulfide as a product.
Another method is the thermal decomposition of nickel compounds in the presence of sulfur sources. For instance, heating nickel salts like nickel carbonate or nickel hydroxide with sulfur at elevated temperatures can yield nickel monosulfide.
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is employed for thin film deposition of nickel monosulfide. In this method, gaseous nickel and sulfur precursors are introduced in a controlled environment, where they react to form a thin layer of nickel monosulfide on a substrate.
Hydrothermal synthesis involves reacting aqueous solutions of nickel salts and sulfur-containing compounds under high temperature and pressure. This method enables the controlled formation of nickel monosulfide nanoparticles.
Overall, these methods offer diverse ways to synthesize nickel monosulfide, catering to different applications and requirements in industries like electronics, catalysis, and materials science.
Nickel Sulfide Uses
Nickel monosulfide finds versatile applications across industries due to its unique properties. Some key uses include:
- Catalysts: It serves as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, including hydrogenation and desulfurization processes in the petroleum industry.
- Semiconductors: Manufacturers utilize nickel monosulfide to create semiconductors, especially in thin-film solar cells, where it serves as a vital component within the absorber layer.
- Glass and Ceramics: nickel monosulfide enhances both the color and opacity of glass and ceramics, playing a crucial role in the production of decorative and functional items.
- Thermoelectric Materials: Researchers investigate nickel monosulfide for its thermoelectric properties, aiming to harness its ability to convert heat differentials into electrical energy within thermoelectric devices.
- Electrodes: Rechargeable batteries benefit from nickel monosulfide as it functions as an electrode material due to its exceptional electrical conductivity and stability.
- Gas Sensors: nickel monosulfide-based materials play a key role in gas sensors, enabling the detection of gases like hydrogen, ammonia, and sulfur dioxide.
- Medicine: In various medical applications, nanoscale nickel monosulfide is employed for drug delivery systems and cancer treatment.
- Sulfide Glass: It contributes to the formation of sulfide glasses with unique optical properties, suitable for infrared optics.
- Fuel Cells: nickel monosulfide nanoparticles are studied for potential applications in fuel cells due to their electrocatalytic properties.
- Corrosion Resistance: When added to metals, it enhances their corrosion resistance properties.
The adaptability of nickel monosulfide in different sectors showcases its value in contributing to advancements in materials, electronics, energy, and beyond.
Questions:
Q: What is the formula for nickel(ii) sulfide?
A: The formula for nickel(II) monosulfide is NiS.
Q: Is nickel sulfide soluble?
A: Nickel monosulfide is generally insoluble in water.
Q: Is nickel ii sulfide soluble in water?
A: No, nickel(II) monosulfide is insoluble in water.
Q: Is nickel(ii) sulfide soluble or insoluble?
A: Nickel(II) monosulfide is insoluble in water.
Q: Does a reaction occur when aqueous solutions of nickel(ii) chloride and sodium sulfide are combined?
A: Yes, a reaction occurs, forming nickel(II) monosulfide as a solid precipitate.
Q: What is the molar solubility of nickel(ii) sulfide in 0.053 m kcn?
A: The molar solubility of nickel(II) monosulfide in 0.053 M KCN is calculated based on specific equilibrium constants.
Q: What is the result of a reaction between nickel (iii) nitrate and rubidium sulfide?
A: A reaction between nickel(III) nitrate and rubidium sulfide results in the formation of products determined by their respective chemical properties.
Q: How to write a formula when is nickel(ii) sulfide?
A: The formula for nickel(II) monosulfide is NiS.