Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is a surfactant used in various cleaning products. It helps to remove dirt and grease effectively, leaving surfaces clean and shiny.
| IUPAC Name | Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₂H₂₅C₆H₄SO₃Na |
| CAS Number | 25155-30-0 |
| Synonyms | SDBS, SDB, DDBS, Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate, Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C18H29NaO3S/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-18-19(15-16-21)22-17-20-18/h17H,2-16H2,1H3 |
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Properties
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Formula
The formula of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is C₁₂H₂₅C₆H₄SO₃Na. It consists of a dodecyl group (C₁₂H₂₅) attached to a benzene ring (C₆H₄), which is further sulfonated to form a sulfonic acid group (SO₃H). The sodium ion (Na) is present to balance the charge and make the compound soluble in water.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Molar Mass
The molar mass of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of its constituent elements. The molar mass of this compound is approximately 348.5 grams per mole (g/mol).
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Boiling Point
Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt has a relatively high boiling point. Under standard conditions, it boils at around 360 degrees Celsius (680 degrees Fahrenheit). The high boiling point makes it suitable for applications where elevated temperatures are required.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Melting Point
The melting point of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is relatively lower compared to its boiling point. It typically melts at around 10-15 degrees Celsius (50-59 degrees Fahrenheit). This lower melting point allows the compound to be easily handled and used in various applications.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Density g/mL
The density of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is approximately 1.1 grams per milliliter (g/mL). This density value indicates that the compound is denser than water, which has a density of 1 g/mL. The higher density makes it sink in water and provides important properties in certain applications.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is approximately 348.5 grams per mole (g/mol). The molecular weight represents the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule, providing valuable information for various chemical calculations and reactions.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Structure
The structure of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt consists of a long hydrocarbon chain (dodecyl group) attached to a benzene ring. The sulfonic acid group (SO₃H) is attached to the benzene ring. The sodium ion (Na) is present to balance the charge. This structure gives the compound its surfactant properties.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Solubility
Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is highly soluble in water. Its solubility is due to the polar sulfonate group, which interacts with water molecules through hydrogen bonding. This property makes it an effective ingredient in various cleaning products, where it aids in the removal of dirt, grease, and other contaminants.
| Appearance | White to off-white powder |
| Specific Gravity | ~1.1 g/mL |
| Color | Colorless to pale yellow |
| Odor | Slight characteristic odor |
| Molar Mass | ~348.5 g/mol |
| Density | ~1.1 g/mL |
| Melting Point | 10-15°C (50-59°F) |
| Boiling Point | ~360°C (~680°F) |
| Flash Point | >93°C (>200°F) |
| Water Solubility | Soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in organic solvents |
| Vapour Pressure | Negligible |
| Vapour Density | Not applicable |
| pKa | ~0.3 (acidic) |
| pH | ~7-9 (neutral to slightly basic) |
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Safety and Hazards
Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt has a good safety profile when used according to recommended guidelines. However, like any chemical substance, it is important to handle it with care. It may cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact, so wearing protective gloves and goggles is advisable. In case of ingestion or inhalation, seeking medical attention is recommended. As a surfactant, it can have harmful effects on aquatic life if released into water bodies in high concentrations. Therefore, proper disposal methods should be followed to minimize environmental impact. It is essential to read and follow the safety instructions provided by the manufacturer or supplier when working with dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt.
| Hazard Symbols | None |
| Safety Description | – Causes skin and eye irritation. – Avoid direct contact. – Wear protective gloves and goggles. – Seek medical attention if ingested or inhaled. |
| UN IDs | Not applicable |
| HS Code | 3402.11.10 |
| Hazard Class | Not classified |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| Toxicity | Low toxicity |
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Synthesis Methods
There are multiple methods available to synthesize dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt.
One common method to synthesize dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt involves reacting dodecylbenzene with sulfuric acid to produce dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. Then, sodium hydroxide neutralizes this acid to form the sodium salt of dodecylbenzene sulfonate. The reaction takes place in a controlled environment, such as a reaction vessel, under specific temperature and pH conditions.
Another synthesis method entails reacting dodecylbenzene with chlorosulfonic acid, resulting in the formation of dodecylbenzene sulfonyl chloride. Subsequently, sodium hydroxide treats this chloride to convert it into dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt.
Furthermore, a direct sulfonation method employs reacting dodecylbenzene with sulfur trioxide, yielding dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. To produce dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt, sodium hydroxide neutralizes this acid.
These synthesis methods necessitate careful handling of reactants, adherence to safety protocols, and maintaining appropriate reaction conditions to ensure desired product formation. The production of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt involves varying specific reaction parameters based on the desired purity and characteristics of the product.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Uses
Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt finds numerous applications due to its surfactant properties and ability to reduce surface tension. Here are some common uses:
- Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt plays a key role in various household and industrial cleaning products, such as detergents, dishwashing liquids, and floor cleaners, by effectively removing dirt, grease, and stains.
- It acts as an emulsifier in creams, lotions, and cosmetics, enabling the mixing of oil and water-based ingredients.
- Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt serves as a foaming agent in shampoos, body washes, and bubble baths, creating rich and stable foam for enhanced cleansing.
- In agricultural applications, it functions as a wetting agent to improve the spreading and absorption of herbicides and pesticides on plant surfaces.
- It finds application in various industrial processes, including textile manufacturing, paper production, and oil recovery, by aiding in the dispersing, wetting, and emulsifying of substances.
- Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt improves oil recovery in oilfields by reducing interfacial tension between oil and water, thus facilitating the flow of oil.
- Laboratories utilize it as a surfactant for various experimental procedures, such as cell lysis, DNA extraction, and protein purification.
- It enhances the effectiveness of firefighting foams in suppressing flammable liquid fires.
- In the textile industry, it serves as a levelling agent in dyeing and finishing processes, ensuring the uniform distribution of dyes and improving color fastness.
- In paint formulations, dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt serves as a dispersant and emulsifier, promoting homogeneous mixing of pigments and enhancing paint performance.
These diverse applications demonstrate the versatility and importance of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt in various industries.
Questions:
Q: What is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is a surfactant commonly used in cleaning products due to its ability to remove dirt and grease effectively.
Q: Is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate safe?
A: When used as directed, dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt has a good safety profile, but it should be handled with care to avoid skin and eye irritation.
Q: Can phosphoric acid and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid be mixed or blended together with sodium hydroxide?
A: Yes, phosphoric acid and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid can be mixed or blended together with sodium hydroxide for specific applications in controlled conditions.
Q: How does sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate kill bacteria?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt disrupts the cell membranes of bacteria, leading to their death by destabilizing their structure and functions.
Q: Is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate toxic?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is considered to have low toxicity, but it should be handled with caution and proper safety measures should be followed.
Q: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate ms/ms?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is commonly analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques for identification and quantification purposes.
Q: Shampoos with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is commonly used as a surfactant in shampoos for its ability to cleanse and produce a foaming lather.
Q: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate surfactant?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is a surfactant, functioning by reducing the surface tension of liquids, allowing them to spread and mix more efficiently.
Q: What is the chemical formula of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate?
A: The chemical formula of Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt is C₁₂H₂₅C₆H₄SO₃Na.
Q: Will bleach interact with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
A: Bleach can interact with dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt, but the specific reaction and outcome may vary depending on the concentrations and conditions involved.
Q: How does sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate prevent soap scum in hard water?
A: Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt prevents soap scum formation in hard water by acting as a chelating agent, binding to the mineral ions and preventing their precipitation with soap molecules.