Tetraphosphorus trisulfide or P4S3 is a yellow crystalline solid commonly used as a component in friction matches. It is also used in organic synthesis and as a semiconductor material.
| IUPAC Name | Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide |
| Molecular Formula | P4S3 |
| CAS Number | 1314-85-8 |
| Synonyms | Phosphorus sesquisulfide, PPS, Phosphorus sulfide, Tetraphosphorus trisulphide, Thiophosphoric anhydride, Thiophosphoric trianhydride |
| InChI | InChI=1S/P4S3/c1-7(2)9(4,5)6-8(3)1 |
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Properties
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Formula
The chemical formula of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is P4S3. This indicates that it is composed of four phosphorus atoms and three sulfur atoms. The formula is useful for understanding the stoichiometry of reactions involving Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide and for identifying its chemical properties.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Molar Mass
The molar mass of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is 220.16 g/mol. It is calculated by adding the atomic masses of all the atoms in one molecule of P4S3. This information is useful for determining the amount of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide needed for a specific reaction or application.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Boiling Point
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide does not have a definite boiling point as it decomposes before it can reach its boiling point. However, it can be sublimed under reduced pressure at high temperatures.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Melting Point
The melting point of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is 172°C. This is the temperature at which solid P4S3 changes to a liquid state.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Density g/mL
The density of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is 2.04 g/mL at room temperature. It is a relatively dense material compared to other solids. The high density of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is due to the arrangement of atoms in its crystal lattice structure.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is 220.16 g/mol. This value represents the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a single molecule of P4S3. The molecular weight of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is useful for calculating the mass of the compound required for a specific reaction.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Structure
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide has a molecular formula of P4S3 and consists of four phosphorus atoms and three sulfur atoms arranged in a cage-like structure. The molecule has a tetrahedral geometry with each phosphorus atom bonded to three sulfur atoms and each sulfur atom bonded to two phosphorus atoms. The bonding within the molecule is primarily covalent, with some ionic character due to the electronegativity difference between phosphorus and sulfur.
| Appearance | Yellow crystalline solid |
| Specific Gravity | 2.04 |
| Color | Yellow |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molar Mass | 220.16 g/mol |
| Density | 2.04 g/mL |
| Melting Point | 172°C |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes before boiling |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in organic solvents |
| Vapor Pressure | Not applicable |
| Vapor Density | Not applicable |
| pKa | Not applicable |
| pH | Not applicable |
Note: Some of the properties are not applicable for Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide due to its chemical nature and physical properties.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Safety and Hazards
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide can pose several safety and hazard risks if not handled with care. It can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system upon exposure. Inhalation of its dust or fumes can cause coughing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. The compound is also combustible and can react with strong oxidizing agents, producing toxic sulfur dioxide gas. It is important to handle Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide with appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and respiratory protection, and to avoid any contact with skin or eyes. In case of accidental exposure or ingestion, immediate medical attention should be sought.
| Hazard Symbols | Skull and crossbones, Flammable, Irritant |
| Safety Description | Avoid inhalation and skin contact. Wear protective clothing and gloves. Use in a well-ventilated area. |
| UN IDs | UN1340 |
| HS Code | 2830.90.90 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | Highly toxic, can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Can be fatal if ingested or inhaled in large quantities. |
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Synthesis Methods
P4S3 can be synthesized by several methods, including direct reaction of white phosphorus and sulfur, reaction of phosphorus pentasulfide with elemental phosphorus, and reaction of phosphorus with hydrogen sulfide gas.
One common method involves the reaction of white phosphorus and sulfur in a vacuum or under inert gas. The reactants are heated to around 300-400°C to facilitate the reaction, and the resulting P4S3 can be purified by sublimation or recrystallization.
Another method involves the reaction of phosphorus pentasulfide with elemental phosphorus in a sealed container. The mixture is heated to around 300°C to produce P4S3, which can be purified by filtration and washing.
A third method involves the reaction of phosphorus with hydrogen sulfide gas at high temperatures and pressures. This method is often used in industrial settings, and can produce P4S3 in high yields. However, it requires specialized equipment and careful control of reaction conditions to ensure safety and efficiency.
Overall, the synthesis of P4S3 requires careful handling and appropriate protective measures due to its toxic and reactive nature.
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide Uses
Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide finds a variety of uses in various industries due to its unique properties. One of its most significant uses is as a filler material in the manufacture of friction materials, such as brake pads and linings, due to its high abrasion resistance and low cost.
It is also used as a flame retardant in plastics and polymers, as it can prevent or delay the spread of fire. Additionally, Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is used in the production of lubricant additives, as it can improve the lubricating properties of oils and greases.
Another important use of Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is in the production of fertilizers and pesticides, as it can serve as a source of phosphorus and sulfur. It is also used in the production of certain types of dyes and pigments, as well as in the synthesis of other chemicals.
Due to its high conductivity and semiconductor properties, Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is also being investigated for potential use in electronic and optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells and transistors.
Overall, Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is a versatile compound with a range of industrial and commercial uses, and its properties continue to be explored for new applications.
Questions:
Q: P4S3 compound name
A: The compound name for P4S3 is Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide.
Q: What is the correct name for P4S3?
A: The correct name for P4S3 is Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide.
Q: What is the chemical name of the covalent compound P4S3?
A: The chemical name of the covalent compound P4S3 is Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide.
Q: What is the formula for tetraphosphorus trisulfide?
A: The formula for Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide is P4S3.
Q: What is the chemical name of the covalent compound P4S3?
A: The chemical name of the covalent compound P4S3 is Tetraphosphorus Trisulfide.