Sodium peroxide (Na2O2) is a powerful oxidizing agent. It reacts violently with water to release oxygen, and it can ignite combustible materials on contact. It is used in various chemical reactions and as a disinfectant.
| IUPAC Name | Sodium Oxidoperhydrate |
| Molecular Formula | Na2O2 |
| CAS Number | 1313-60-6 |
| Synonyms | Peroxide of Sodium, Sodium Superoxide, Disodium dioxide, Sodium binoxide, Sodium dioxide, NaO2, UN 1507 |
| InChI | InChI=1S/2Na.O2/c;;1-2/q2*+1;-2 |
Sodium peroxide Properties
Sodium peroxide formula
The chemical formula of sodium peroxide is Na2O2. It is an ionic compound made up of two sodium cations (Na+) and one peroxide anion (O22-). The formula for sodium peroxide is used to represent the chemical composition of the compound and is important in chemical reactions involving the substance.
Sodium peroxide molar mass
Sodium peroxide, with the chemical formula Na2O2, has a molar mass of 77.98 g/mol. It is an ionic compound made up of two sodium cations (Na+) and one peroxide anion (O22-). The molar mass of sodium peroxide is essential for calculating the quantity of the compound needed for various chemical reactions.
Sodium peroxide boiling point
Sodium peroxide has a very high boiling point of 657°C (1215°F), which makes it extremely stable at high temperatures. The compound decomposes before reaching its boiling point, releasing oxygen gas and leaving behind sodium oxide. The high boiling point of sodium peroxide makes it useful in high-temperature reactions and industrial processes where high thermal stability is required.
Sodium peroxide melting point
Sodium peroxide has a melting point of 675°C (1247°F), which is relatively high compared to other common substances. It melts to form a yellowish-white liquid and decomposes above its melting point to release oxygen gas and form sodium oxide. The high melting point of sodium peroxide makes it useful in high-temperature chemical reactions.
Sodium peroxide density g/ml
The density of sodium peroxide is 2.805 g/mL. It is a white to yellowish powder with a density higher than that of water. The high density of sodium peroxide makes it useful in various industrial processes such as bleaching, disinfection, and the production of other chemicals.
Sodium peroxide molecular weight
Sodium peroxide has a molecular weight of 77.98 g/mol. It is an ionic compound with two sodium cations (Na+) and one peroxide anion (O22-). The molecular weight of sodium peroxide is important in chemical reactions involving the compound, as it helps in determining the quantities of reactants and products.
Sodium peroxide Structure
Sodium peroxide has a crystal structure similar to that of sodium chloride (NaCl). It forms a face-centered cubic lattice, where sodium ions occupy the corners of the cube, and the peroxide anions are located at the center of each face. The peroxide anions in sodium peroxide are held together by covalent bonds, while the sodium ions are held together by ionic bonds.
| Appearance: | White to yellowish powder |
| Specific Gravity: | 2.805 g/cm3 |
| Color: | White to yellowish |
| Odor: | Odorless |
| Molar Mass: | 77.98 g/mol |
| Density: | 2.805 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 675°C (1247°F) |
| Boiling Point: | 657°C (1215°F) |
| Flash Point: | Not applicable |
| Water Solubility: | Reacts violently with water |
| Solubility: | Soluble in alcohol, ether |
| Vapor Pressure: | Not applicable |
| Vapor Density: | Not applicable |
| pKa: | Not applicable |
| pH: | Not applicable |
Sodium Peroxide Safety and Hazards
| Hazard Symbols: | Oxidizer, Corrosive |
| Safety Description: | Do not breathe dust/fumes/gas/mist/vapors. Avoid contact with skin/eyes. Handle and store under inert gas. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. In case of fire, use appropriate extinguishing media. |
| UN IDs: | UN1503 |
| HS Code: | 2829.11.00 |
| Hazard Class: | 5.1 |
| Packing Group: | II |
| Toxicity: | Corrosive to eyes and skin, harmful if ingested or inhaled. |
Sodium Peroxide Synthesis Methods
The synthesis of sodium peroxide (Na2O2) is possible through several methods, such as direct combination, reaction with oxygen, and electrolysis.
One method for synthesizing Na2O2 is the direct combination method. This involves heating sodium metal with an excess of oxygen in a furnace. The reaction is exothermic, and it is essential to regulate the temperature to prevent overheating and potential explosion.
Another method involves the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrogen peroxide to produce Na2O2 and water. This method is safer and more controlled than the direct combination method but requires a higher temperature and longer reaction time.
Another method for synthesizing Na2O2 is through electrolysis. This involves the electrolysis of a solution of sodium hydroxide using a suitable anode and cathode. During electrolysis, the cathode produces Na2O2, while the anode produces oxygen gas.
Sodium Peroxide Uses
Sodium peroxide finds various industrial and laboratory applications due to its oxidizing properties and ability to release oxygen.
Here are some common uses of sodium peroxide:
- Bleaching Agent: Used as a bleaching agent for paper pulp, textiles, and other materials.
- Deodorizing Agent: Used as a deodorizing agent in waste disposal and wastewater treatment facilities.
- Oxidizing Agent: Used to oxidize various organic and inorganic compounds.
- Polymerization: Initiate the polymerization of certain monomers. Used in the production of polyurethane foam and other polymers.
- Pharmaceutical Applications: Used as a reagent in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds.
- Laboratory Reagent: Used as a laboratory reagent for various analytical and synthetic purposes.
- Fuel Cell Applications: Used as an oxidant in fuel cells to generate electrical energy.
Questions:
Q: What is the chemical reaction between hydrogen peroxide and sodium bisulfite?
A: The chemical reaction between hydrogen peroxide and sodium bisulfite produces water and sodium sulfate. The balanced equation for the reaction is: 2 NaHSO3 + H2O2 → Na2SO4 + 2 H2O.
Q: Where to buy sodium peroxide powder?
A: Sodium peroxide powder can be purchased from various chemical suppliers and distributors. It is important to ensure that the supplier is reputable and follows proper safety protocols for handling and shipping of hazardous chemicals.
Q: Can sodium oxide be made be borohydride and hydrogen peroxide?
A: Sodium oxide cannot be made from borohydride and hydrogen peroxide directly. Sodium oxide can be synthesized through the reaction of sodium metal with oxygen or by heating sodium hydroxide. Borohydride and hydrogen peroxide are not commonly used in the synthesis of sodium oxide.
Q: What is the formula for sodium peroxide?
A: The formula for sodium peroxide is Na2O2.
Q: What is the oxidation state of Na2O2?
A: The oxidation state of sodium in Na2O2 is +1, and the oxidation state of oxygen is -1.
Q: What is the oxidation number of oxygen in the compound Na2O2?
A: The oxidation number of oxygen in the compound Na2O2 is -1.