Magnesium iodide is a chemical compound with the formula MgI2. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and alcohol. MgI2 is commonly used as a source of iodine in organic synthesis reactions.
| IUPAC name | Magnesium iodide |
| Molecular formula | MgI2 |
| CAS number | 10377-58-9 |
| Synonyms | Magnesium diiodide, Magnesium (II) iodide, UNII-14R347R70C |
| InChI | InChI=1S/2HI.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
Magnesium Iodide Properties
Magnesium Iodide Formula
The chemical formula for magnesium iodide is MgI2. This formula indicates that a molecule of magnesium iodide consists of one Mg2+ cation and two I- anions. The formula of magnesium iodide is useful in determining the stoichiometry of chemical reactions and predicting the products of chemical reactions involving the compound.
Magnesium Iodide Molar Mass
MgI2 has a molar mass of 278.113 g/mol. This value is obtained by adding the atomic mass of one Mg atom (24.305 g/mol) to the atomic mass of two I atoms (253.808 g/mol) present in a molecule of MgI2. The molar mass of MgI2 is an important parameter in determining the mass of a given amount of the compound, which is useful in many industrial and scientific applications.
Magnesium Iodide Boiling Point
MgI2 has a relatively high boiling point of 1,309°C. This indicates that a considerable amount of energy is required to break the intermolecular forces of attraction between the Mg and I atoms in the compound. The boiling point of MgI2 makes it suitable for high-temperature applications, such as in the manufacturing of semiconductors and other electronic components.
Magnesium Iodide Melting Point
The melting point of MgI2 is 637°C. At this temperature, the solid MgI2 transforms into a liquid state. The melting point of MgI2 is an important physical property that determines its suitability for various applications. For instance, the high melting point makes MgI2 ideal for use as a flux in the production of aluminum alloys, where it is necessary to melt the metals together to create a homogeneous mixture.
Magnesium Iodide Density g/mL
The density of MgI2 is 4.43 g/mL. This value indicates the mass of the compound present in a given volume of space. The density of MgI2 is an important factor to consider when determining the amount of the compound required for a particular application. The high density of MgI2 also makes it useful as a shielding material in nuclear reactors.
Magnesium Iodide Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of MgI2 is 278.113 g/mol. This value is the sum of the atomic weights of the constituent elements in the compound, Mg and I. The molecular weight of MgI2 is useful in calculating the stoichiometry of chemical reactions and determining the number of moles of the compound present in a given sample.
Magnesium Iodide Structure
MgI2 has a crystal structure that belongs to the hexagonal crystal system. The structure consists of magnesium cations and iodide anions arranged in a hexagonal lattice. The Mg2+ cations occupy the center of the hexagonal cells, while the I- anions occupy the corners of the cells. The crystal structure of MgI2 contributes to its physical and chemical properties, such as its high melting and boiling points.
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Specific Gravity | 4.43 g/mL |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molar Mass | 278.113 g/mol |
| Density | 4.43 g/mL |
| Melting Point | 637°C |
| Boiling Point | 1,309°C |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Water Solubility | Soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in alcohol, acetone |
| Vapour Pressure | Not applicable |
| Vapour Density | Not applicable |
| pKa | Not applicable |
| pH | Not applicable |
Magnesium Iodide Safety and Hazards
MgI2 is generally considered to be safe when handled and used properly. However, like any chemical compound, it can pose some hazards if not handled with care. MgI2 is classified as a skin and eye irritant, and prolonged exposure to the compound may cause skin sensitization or respiratory irritation. It is important to use proper personal protective equipment when handling MgI2, including gloves, eye protection, and a respirator if necessary. In addition, MgI2 can react violently with water, releasing flammable hydrogen gas, so it should be stored and handled away from sources of moisture.
| Hazard Symbols | Xi: Irritant |
| Safety Description | S22: Do not breathe dust. S24: Avoid contact with skin. S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. |
| UN IDs | UN3077 |
| HS Code | 28276000 |
| Hazard Class | 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | Low toxicity |
Magnesium Iodide Synthesis Methods
There are several methods for synthesizing MgI2, each with its advantages and limitations.
One common method involves the reaction of magnesium metal with iodine in anhydrous ether or tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent. This reaction produces MgI2 as a white solid precipitate.
Another method involves the reaction of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide with hydroiodic acid. This method typically involves heating the magnesium oxide or hydroxide with the hydroiodic acid to produce MgI2.
The reaction of magnesium carbonate or magnesium oxide with hydrogen iodide gas produces MgI2 as well. This reaction typically takes place at high temperatures and produces MgI2 as a white solid product.
Overall, the choice of synthesis method for MgI2 will depend on factors such as the desired purity of the final product, the availability of starting materials, and the conditions under which the synthesis will be performed.
Magnesium Iodide Uses
MgI2 has a range of uses across different fields due to its unique properties. Here are some common applications of MgI2:
- As a catalyst: Used as a catalyst in organic chemical reactions, particularly in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.
- In the preparation of Grignard reagents: Used in the preparation of Grignard reagents. Organic chemists use Grignard reagents to synthesize a wide range of organic compounds.
- In medicine: Used in medicine as a supplement to provide the body with essential magnesium and iodine, which are important for maintaining healthy bodily functions.
- In nuclear reactors: Used in nuclear reactors as a neutron absorber to control the rate of fission reactions.
- Photographic processing: Used in photographic processing as a stabilizing agent to prevent oxidation and degradation of photographic films.
- In the production of magnesium metal: Also used as a precursor in the production of magnesium metal, which has a wide range of applications in different industries.
Questions:
Q: What type of dissolving would MgI2 undergo?
A: MgI2 would undergo ionic dissolving due to its ionic compound nature.
Q: What is the chemical formula for Magnesium Iodide?
A: The chemical formula for Magnesium Iodide is MgI2.
Q: Is MgI2 soluble?
A: Yes, MgI2 is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether.
Q: What is the formula for Magnesium Iodide?
A: The formula for Magnesium Iodide is MgI2.
Q: What type of compound is MgI2?
A: MgI2 is an ionic compound, formed by the transfer of two electrons from magnesium to iodine.
Q: What compound has the chemical formula MgI2?
A: The compound with the chemical formula MgI2 is Magnesium Iodide.
Q: What is the name of the compound with the formula MgI2?
A: The name of the compound with the formula MgI2 is Magnesium Iodide.