Magnesium bromide (MgBr2) is a compound made up of Mg and Br. It is commonly used as a catalyst in organic synthesis reactions and as a sedative in medicine.
| IUPAC Name | Magnesium bromide |
| Molecular Formula | MgBr2 |
| CAS Number | 7789-48-2 |
| Synonyms | Magnesium dibromide, UN1913, Bromomagnesite, Magnesium bromatum, Magnesiumbromid, Bromure de magnesium |
| InChI | InChI=1S/2BrH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
Magnesium Bromide Properties
Magnesium Bromide Formula
The chemical formula of magnesium bromide is MgBr2. It indicates that MgBr2 is composed of one Mg+2 and two Br- ions. The formula represents the ratio of atoms in a molecule, and it plays a vital role in determining the properties of a compound. Magnesium bromide’s formula indicates that it is an ionic compound with a high melting and boiling point and a strong ionic bond between the Mg+2 and the Br- ions.
Magnesium Bromide Molar Mass
The molar mass of MgBr2 is 184.113 g/mol. It is the sum of the atomic masses of magnesium and two bromine atoms. Molar mass is a crucial parameter in chemical calculations as it helps determine the number of moles of a substance in a given amount of a sample. MgBr2’s molar mass plays a vital role in determining the quantity of the compound needed for chemical reactions.
Magnesium Bromide Boiling Point
MgBr2 has a boiling point of 1,204 degrees Celsius or 2,199 degrees Fahrenheit. The boiling point of a compound is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure. MgBr2’s high boiling point indicates that it is a stable compound that can withstand high temperatures without decomposition. This characteristic makes it useful in high-temperature applications such as metallurgy and organic synthesis reactions.
Magnesium Bromide Melting Point
MgBr2 has a melting point of 714 degrees Celsius or 1,317 degrees Fahrenheit. The melting point of a compound is the temperature at which it changes from a solid to a liquid state. MgBr2’s high melting point indicates that it is a stable compound with strong intermolecular forces. This characteristic makes it useful as a reagent in high-temperature chemical reactions.
Magnesium Bromide Density g/mL
The density of MgBr2 is 3.72 g/mL. Density is a measure of the amount of mass per unit volume of a substance. MgBr2’s high density indicates that it is a heavy compound that can sink in water. This characteristic makes it useful in various applications such as inorganic synthesis and as a sedative in medicine.
Magnesium Bromide Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of MgBr2 is 184.113 g/mol. It is the sum of the atomic masses of magnesium and two bromine atoms. Molecular weight plays a crucial role in determining the chemical and physical properties of a compound. MgBr2’s molecular weight influences its reactivity and solubility in various solvents.
Magnesium Bromide Structure
MgBr2 has a crystal lattice structure with Mg+2 and the Br- ions held together by ionic bonds. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and other polar solvents. The crystal lattice structure of MgBr2 contributes to its high melting and boiling points, as well as its stability in various chemical reactions.
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Specific Gravity | 3.72 g/mL |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molar Mass | 184.113 g/mol |
| Density | 3.72 g/mL |
| Melting Point | 714 °C (1,317 °F) |
| Boiling Point | 1,204 °C (2,199 °F) |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Water Solubility | Highly soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, and ether |
| Vapour Pressure | Not applicable |
| Vapour Density | Not applicable |
| pKa | Not applicable |
| pH | Neutral |
Magnesium Bromide Safety and Hazards
MgBr2 is generally considered safe when handled properly. However, like any chemical compound, it can pose hazards if not handled with care. MgBr2 is corrosive and can cause severe skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of MgBr2 dust or fumes can cause respiratory irritation. It is important to wear protective clothing and respiratory equipment when handling MgBr2. MgBr2 can also react violently with certain chemicals, such as water or acids, producing hydrogen bromide gas. Therefore, it is crucial to store and handle MgBr2 away from incompatible substances and in a well-ventilated area.
| Hazard Symbols | Corrosive |
| Safety Description | Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wear protective clothing and respiratory equipment. Handle and store away from incompatible substances. |
| UN IDs | UN2920 |
| HS Code | 2827.59.90 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | Low toxicity if handled properly. May cause skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of dust or fumes can cause respiratory irritation. |
Magnesium Bromide Synthesis Methods
MgBr2 can be synthesized through several methods.
One common method is the reaction between Mg metal and hydrogen bromide gas. This process involves passing hydrogen bromide gas over Mg metal, producing MgBr2 and hydrogen gas as products.
Another method is the reaction between magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid. This process produces MgBr2 and water as products.
Additionally, MgBr2 can be synthesized through the reaction between magnesium carbonate and hydrobromic acid, or by the reaction between magnesium sulfate and NaBr.
These methods involve mixing the reactants and allowing the reaction to proceed, resulting in the formation of MgBr2
Magnesium Bromide Uses
MgBr2 has a variety of uses in various industries. Here are some of its common applications:
- In organic synthesis: Used as a Lewis acid catalyst in organic synthesis reactions, such as the Grignard reaction, which involves the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.
- In the production of flame retardants: Flame retardants, which make materials less flammable, rely on it as a crucial component in their production.
- In the oil and gas industry: Used as a completion fluid in oil and gas wells, which helps maintain pressure and prevents the collapse of the well.
- In pharmaceuticals: Used as an active ingredient in some pharmaceuticals, such as sedatives and anticonvulsants.
- In electrochemistry: Used as an electrolyte in batteries and other electrochemical devices.
- In metal production: Used as a flux in the production of certain metals, such as aluminum and titanium.
- In analytical chemistry: Used as a reagent in analytical chemistry for the determination of various elements, such as boron and fluoride.
Questions:
Q: What is the chemical formula of magnesium bromide?
A: The chemical formula of magnesium bromide is MgBr2.
Q: Is magnesium bromide ionic or covalent?
A: MgBr2 is an ionic compound.
Q: What is the formula for magnesium bromide?
A: The formula for magnesium bromide is MgBr2.
Q: Is magnesium bromide soluble in water?
A: Yes, MgBr2 is soluble in water. It has a high solubility in water and can dissolve to form a clear, colorless solution.
Q: What is the formula for magnesium bromide?
A: The formula for magnesium bromide is MgBr2.