Copper bromide (CuBr2) is a compound formed by copper and bromine. It exhibits a blue-green color, often used in organic synthesis and as a Lewis acid catalyst.
| IUPAC Name | Copper(II) Bromide |
| Molecular Formula | CuBr2 |
| CAS Number | 7789-45-9 |
| Synonyms | Cupric Bromide, Copper Dibromide |
| InChI | InChI=1S/Br2.Cu |
Copper Bromide Properties
Copper Bromide Formula
The formula for cupric bromide is CuBr2. It represents a compound formed by one copper atom and two bromine atoms. This combination results in a blue-green crystalline substance, commonly used in various chemical reactions.
Copper Bromide Molar Mass
Cupric bromide’s molar mass is approximately 223.36 grams per mole. This value is obtained by adding the atomic masses of one copper atom (Cu) and two bromine atoms (Br) present in the formula CuBr2.
Copper Bromide Boiling Point
Cupric bromide exhibits a boiling point of around 1,294 degrees Celsius (around 2,361 degrees Fahrenheit). This temperature indicates the point at which the substance changes from a liquid to a gaseous state under standard atmospheric pressure.
Copper Bromide Melting Point
The melting point of cupric bromide is approximately 498 degrees Celsius (around 928 degrees Fahrenheit). This temperature represents the point at which the solid substance transforms into a liquid state when heated.
Copper Bromide Density g/mL
The density of cupric bromide is about 4.71 grams per milliliter (g/mL) at room temperature and standard atmospheric pressure. This value reveals the amount of mass present per unit volume of the substance.
Copper Bromide Molecular Weight
Cupric bromide has a molecular weight of around 223.36 grams per mole. This value is crucial for various chemical calculations and serves as a reference for the amount of substance present in a given sample.
Copper Bromide Structure
Cupric bromide has a crystal lattice structure, where copper atoms are surrounded by bromine atoms and vice versa. This arrangement forms a stable and orderly pattern, contributing to the compound’s physical properties.
Copper Bromide Solubility
Cupric bromide has limited solubility in water. It is more soluble in organic solvents. The solubility depends on factors such as temperature and the nature of the solvent used. Understanding its solubility is vital for various applications in chemistry and industry.
| Appearance | Blue-Green Crystals |
| Specific Gravity | Not Available |
| Color | Blue-Green |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molar Mass | 223.36 g/mol |
| Density | 4.71 g/mL |
| Melting Point | 498°C (928°F) |
| Boiling Point | 1,294°C (2,361°F) |
| Flash Point | Not Applicable |
| Water Solubility | Limited Solubility |
| Solubility | Soluble in Organic Solvents such as ethanol, ether and benzene |
| Vapour Pressure | Not Available |
| Vapour Density | Not Available |
| pKa | Not Available |
| pH | Not Available |
Copper Bromide Safety and Hazards
Cupric bromide poses certain safety and hazards considerations. It is essential to handle this compound with caution due to its potential toxicity and irritant properties. Direct contact with the skin or eyes may cause irritation and discomfort. Inhalation of its dust or fumes can irritate the respiratory tract. Therefore, proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when working with cupric bromide. Additionally, it should be stored away from incompatible substances to prevent potential reactions. In case of accidental ingestion or exposure, seek immediate medical attention. Adhering to safety guidelines is crucial to ensure safe handling and usage of cupric bromide.
| Hazard Symbols | Irritant, Corrosive |
| Safety Description | Handle with caution. Avoid direct contact with skin and eyes. Use appropriate protective equipment. |
| UN IDs | Not Available |
| HS Code | Not Available |
| Hazard Class | Irritant |
| Packing Group | Not Available |
| Toxicity | May cause skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of dust or fumes can irritate the respiratory tract. |
Copper Bromide Synthesis Methods
There are several methods for synthesizing cupric bromide (CuBr2). One common approach involves the direct combination of copper metal or copper oxide with hydrobromic acid. In this method, we add copper to the acid, and it undergoes a chemical reaction, resulting in the formation of cupric bromide and the release of hydrogen gas.
Another method is the reaction between copper carbonate or copper hydroxide with hydrobromic acid. The carbonate or hydroxide reacts with the acid to produce cupric bromide, water, and carbon dioxide.
Furthermore, to synthesize cupric bromide, we can employ a double displacement reaction. This method involves the reaction between a soluble copper salt, such as copper sulfate, and a soluble bromide salt, like sodium bromide. The reaction leads to the formation of cupric bromide and a soluble salt of the other metal or metalloid present in the reaction.
Additionally, to synthesize cupric bromide, we can use electrochemical methods. These methods involve using an electrochemical cell with copper electrodes and a source of bromide ions. When we apply a current, cupric bromide forms at one electrode, while bromine gas releases at the other electrode.
The choice of synthesis method depends on factors like availability of reagents, desired purity, and the scale of the reaction. Proper handling and safety precautions should be observed during all synthesis procedures.
Copper Bromide Uses
Cupric bromide (CuBr2) finds versatile applications across various industries due to its unique properties. Here are some of its notable uses:
- Organic Synthesis: Cupric bromide serves as a catalyst in numerous organic reactions, such as the Ullmann coupling and the Wurtz-Fittig reaction, enabling the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds.
- Photography: It is used in photographic processes to sensitize emulsions and enhance the sensitivity of films and plates, facilitating the capture of high-quality images.
- Electroplating: Cupric bromide is employed in electroplating processes to deposit copper layers onto surfaces, providing corrosion resistance and decorative finishes.
- Semiconductor Industry: In the electronics sector, it is used in the synthesis of cupric bromide-based nanocrystals, which have applications in optoelectronics and photonics.
- Flame Colorant: Cupric bromide is used in pyrotechnics and fireworks to produce a green flame color, adding visual appeal to displays.
- Medicine: Though limited, it has been explored for potential therapeutic applications due to its antibacterial properties.
- Laser Technology: Cupric bromide lasers are used in scientific research, laser-induced fluorescence studies, and in generating high-energy laser pulses.
- Chemical Analysis: It is used in analytical chemistry for qualitative and quantitative analysis.
- Bromination Reactions: Cupric bromide acts as a brominating agent, facilitating the addition of bromine to organic compounds.
- Lithography: In lithographic processes, Cupric bromide-based compounds have been investigated for use in micro- and nanofabrication techniques.
The diverse applications of cupric bromide demonstrate its significance in various fields, making it a valuable compound in industrial and scientific endeavors.
Questions:
Q: What is the molar mass of copper(II) bromide?
A: The molar mass of cupric(II) bromide is approximately 223.36 g/mol.
Q: What is the formula for copper(II) bromide?
A: The formula for cupric (II) bromide is CuBr2.
Q: Is copper(II) bromide soluble in water?
A: Cupric (II) bromide has limited solubility in water.
Q: What is copper(II) bromide used for?
A: Cupric (II) bromide is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, in photography, electroplating, and in the semiconductor industry.
Q: Is zinc and cupric bromide a single replacement?
A: Yes, zinc and cupric (II) bromide undergo a single replacement reaction, producing zinc bromide and Cu metal.
Q: Does a reaction occur when aqueous solutions of barium acetate and copper(II) bromide are combined?
A: Yes, a reaction occurs, resulting in the formation of barium bromide and cupric (II) acetate.
Q: Which ions, if any, are formed when copper(II) bromide is added to water?
A: When cupric (II) bromide is added to water, it dissociates into Cu^2+ ions and bromide ions (Br^-).
Q: Does CuBr2 form an ionic bond?
A: Yes, CuBr2 forms an ionic bond between copper and bromine ions.
Q: Does CuBr2 form a covalent bond?
A: No, CuBr2 does not form a covalent bond.
Q: Is CuBr2 soluble in water?
A: CuBr2 has limited solubility in water.
Q: What is CuBr2?
A: CuBr2 is the chemical formula for cupric (II) bromide, a blue-green crystalline compound.
Q: Is CuBr2 soluble or insoluble?
A: CuBr2 is sparingly soluble in water.
Q: What is the percent by mass of copper in CuBr2?
A: The percent by mass of copper in CuBr2 is approximately 47.5%.