Copper fluoride (CuF2) is a compound formed by copper and fluorine. It exhibits a greenish-blue color and finds applications in various industries, including electronics and catalysis.
| IUPAC Name | Copper(II) fluoride |
| Molecular Formula | CuF2 |
| CAS Number | 7789-19-7 |
| Synonyms | Cupric fluoride, Copper difluoride |
| InChI | InChI=1S/2FH.Cu/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
Copper Fluoride Properties
Copper Fluoride Formula
The formula of copper difluoride is CuF2. It consists of one copper (Cu) atom and two fluorine (F) atoms. This ionic compound forms a stable crystalline structure due to the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged copper ion and the negatively charged fluoride ions.
Copper Fluoride Molar Mass
The molar mass of copper difluoride (CuF2) is calculated by adding the atomic masses of its constituent elements. Copper has a molar mass of approximately 63.55 g/mol, and fluorine has a molar mass of about 18.99 g/mol. Adding them together, we get the molar mass of copper difluoride as around 101.09 g/mol.
Copper Fluoride Boiling Point
Copper difluoride does not have a well-defined boiling point, as it undergoes decomposition before reaching a boiling point. At elevated temperatures, copper difluoride starts to decompose into copper difluoride (CuF) and fluorine gas (F2). As a result, it is considered to be thermally unstable.
Copper Fluoride Melting Point
Copper difluoride has a melting point of approximately 840°C (1544°F). At this temperature, the solid copper difluoride crystals absorb enough energy to transition into a molten state, allowing it to be used in various high-temperature applications.
Copper Fluoride Density g/mL
The density of copper difluoride is approximately 4.23 g/mL. This density value indicates that copper difluoride is a relatively dense material, which can be useful in specific applications where high density is required.
Copper Fluoride Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of copper difluoride (CuF2) is approximately 101.09 g/mol. It is calculated by adding the atomic weights of copper and two fluorine atoms present in the formula.
Copper Fluoride Structure
Copper difluoride adopts a crystalline structure, forming a lattice-like arrangement of Cu2+ cations and F- anions. The copper cations are surrounded by six fluoride ions, and each fluoride ion is in contact with three copper ions.
Copper Fluoride Solubility
Copper difluoride exhibits low solubility in water. It forms sparingly soluble salts that release Cu2+ and F- ions into the solution. This property is important in various chemical processes and applications, including inorganic synthesis and electrochemical applications.
| Appearance | Greenish-blue solid |
| Specific Gravity | 4.23 g/mL |
| Color | Greenish-blue |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molar Mass | 101.09 g/mol |
| Density | 4.23 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 840°C (1544°F) |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Water Solubility | Low, forms sparingly soluble salts |
| Solubility | Sparingly soluble |
| Vapor Pressure | Not available |
| Vapor Density | Not available |
| pKa | Not applicable |
| pH | Neutral |
Copper Fluoride Safety and Hazards
Copper difluoride poses several safety and hazard considerations. Direct contact with the compound can cause skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of its dust or fumes may lead to respiratory issues. When heated, it can release toxic fluorine gas, which is harmful if inhaled. Therefore, proper ventilation and personal protective equipment should be used when handling copper difluoride. Additionally, it is essential to avoid ingestion as it can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort. The compound should be stored in sealed containers away from incompatible materials to prevent reactions. Proper safety protocols and handling practices are crucial to minimize the risks associated with copper difluoride.
| Hazard Symbols | Irritant |
| Safety Description | Causes skin and eye irritation. Harmful if inhaled. May release toxic fluorine gas when heated. Avoid ingestion. Use proper ventilation and protective equipment. |
| UN IDs | N/A |
| HS Code | 2826.92.00 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 (Toxic substances) |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | Toxic |
Copper Fluoride Synthesis Methods
Various methods can synthesize copper difluoride. One common approach involves adding copper oxide (CuO) or copper carbonate (CuCO3) to a container and carefully stirring while adding hydrofluoric acid (HF) to the container. The reaction proceeds, producing copper difluoride and water as by-products.
Another method entails reacting copper metal or copper powder with fluorine gas (F2) at elevated temperatures. This process requires careful handling due to the reactivity of fluorine gas. It forms copper difluoride directly through the combination of copper and fluorine atoms.
Additionally, the preparation of copper difluoride can occur by reacting copper(II) chloride (CuCl2) with sodium fluoride (NaF) in an aqueous solution. The reaction yields copper difluoride along with sodium chloride as a by-product.
These synthesis methods require proper safety measures and equipment due to the reactivity of some of the involved chemicals. Precise control of reaction conditions is crucial to obtain high yields of pure copper difluoride.
Copper Fluoride Uses
Copper difluoride finds a range of valuable applications due to its unique properties and characteristics. Here are some key uses:
- Electronics: Copper difluoride is employed in the semiconductor industry as a source of copper ions for thin-film deposition processes. It serves as a precursor in the fabrication of electronic devices and integrated circuits.
- Catalysis: It acts as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, including the synthesis of organic compounds and in industrial processes like fluorination reactions.
- Fluorine Source: Copper difluoride is used to produce fluorine gas (F2) through decomposition at high temperatures, which is essential for various industrial applications.
- Ceramics and Glass: The compound is utilized as an additive in ceramic and glass manufacturing to modify the material’s properties and improve its performance.
- Dental Materials: Copper difluoride is incorporated into dental products, such as toothpaste and mouthwash, to enhance their anti-cavity and antibacterial properties.
- Coatings: It serves as a component in specialized coatings, such as anti-reflective coatings for optical devices and protective coatings for metal surfaces.
- Flame Retardants: Copper difluoride is used as an additive in flame retardant materials, helping to reduce the flammability of various products.
- Chemical Reagent: In laboratories and research, copper difluoride is used as a reagent in specific chemical reactions and analyses.
Copper difluoride’s versatility makes it valuable across industries, from electronics to healthcare, where its unique properties are harnessed to enhance performance and safety. However, proper handling and safety precautions are essential due to its reactivity and potential hazards.
Questions:
Q: What is the formula mass of copper(II) fluoride?
A: The formula mass of copper(II) difluoride (CuF2) is approximately 101.09 g/mol.
Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for copper(II) fluoride?
A: The correct formula for copper(II) difluoride is CuF2.
Q: Does copper clean fluoride?
A: No, copper does not clean difluoride. Copper does not have the ability to remove difluoride from water.
Q: What is the covalent compound out of NaCl, KCl, CuF2, and CF4?
A: The covalent compound is CF4 (carbon tetrafluoride).
Q: When an aqueous solution of CuF2 is electrolyzed, what forms at the electrodes?
A: At the anode, oxygen gas (O2) forms, and at the cathode, metallic copper (Cu) forms.
Q: What is the name of CuF2 in the Stock system?
A: The name of CuF2 in the Stock system is copper(II) difluoride.
Q: What is the charge on the copper ion in the compound CuF2?
A: The charge on the copper ion in CuF2 is +2.
Q: Is CuF2 ionic or molecular?
A: CuF2 is an ionic compound.
Q: What is the charge on the ionic compound CuF2?
A: The ionic compound CuF2 is neutral.
Q: What is the name of the compound with the formula CuF2?
A: The name of the compound with the formula CuF2 is copper(II) difluoride.