Cetyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol used in personal care products. It helps to moisturize and soften the skin, giving it a smooth and luxurious feel.
| IUPAC Name | Hexadecan-1-ol |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₆H₃₄O |
| CAS Number | 36653-82-4 |
| Synonyms | 1-Hexadecanol, cetyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol, cetanol |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C16H34O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17/h17H,2-16H2,1H3 |
Cetyl Alcohol Properties
Cetyl Alcohol Formula
The formula of cetyl alcohol is C₁₆H₃₄O. It consists of 16 carbon atoms, 34 hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom. The molecular formula represents the exact number and types of atoms present in a molecule of cetyl alcohol.
Cetyl Alcohol Molar Mass
The molar mass of cetanol can be calculated by summing up the atomic masses of all the atoms in its formula. Cetanol has a molar mass of approximately 242.44 grams per mole. Molar mass is a crucial value in determining the quantity of a substance in a given sample.
Cetyl Alcohol Boiling Point
Cetanol has a boiling point of around 344 degrees Celsius (651 degrees Fahrenheit). Boiling point refers to the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas phase. The high boiling point of cetanol makes it useful in various applications where heat resistance is required.
Cetyl Alcohol Melting Point
The melting point of cetanol is approximately 49 degrees Celsius (120 degrees Fahrenheit). Melting point indicates the temperature at which a solid substance transitions into a liquid state. The relatively low melting point of cetanol makes it easily manageable for various formulations.
Cetyl Alcohol Density g/mL
Cetanol has a density of about 0.809 g/mL. Density measures the mass of a substance per unit volume. The density of cetanol helps determine its weight and volume relationship, which is important for accurate measurements and formulations.
Cetyl Alcohol Molecular Weight
The molecular weight of cetanol is approximately 242.44 grams per mole. Molecular weight, also known as molar mass, is the mass of one mole of a substance. It is used in various calculations, such as determining the amount of cetanol needed in a reaction.
Cetyl Alcohol Structure
Cetanol has a straight-chain structure with 16 carbon atoms. Each carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms, except for the terminal carbon, which is bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one hydroxyl group (-OH). This structure gives cetanol its characteristic properties and functionality.
Cetyl Alcohol Solubility
Cetanol is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and oils. Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a particular solvent. The limited solubility of cetanol in water is due to its long hydrocarbon chain, which prefers interactions with nonpolar substances rather than polar water molecules.
| Appearance | Waxy white solid |
| Specific Gravity | 0.809 g/mL |
| Color | Colorless to white |
| Odor | Faint, characteristic |
| Molar Mass | 242.44 g/mol |
| Density | 0.809 g/mL |
| Melting Point | 49 °C (120 °F) |
| Boiling Point | 344 °C (651 °F) |
| Flash Point | 175 °C (347 °F) |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in organic solvents |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.000023 mmHg at 25°C |
| Vapor Density | 8.4 |
| pKa | ~15.3 |
| pH | 6-8 |
Cetyl Alcohol Safety and Hazards
Cetanol is considered safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products when used as directed. It is non-toxic and does not pose significant health hazards under normal conditions. However, like any chemical substance, it should be handled with care. Avoid excessive inhalation or contact with eyes, skin, or clothing. In case of accidental ingestion or exposure, seek medical attention. While cetanol is not known to cause sensitization or skin irritation, some individuals may have specific allergies or sensitivities. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing cetanol. Follow proper safety guidelines and consult the product labeling for specific instructions.
| Hazard Symbols | None |
| Safety Description | Cetanol is generally considered safe when used as directed. However, as with any chemical, it should be handled with caution. Avoid excessive inhalation, contact with eyes, skin, or clothing. In case of accidental ingestion or exposure, seek medical attention. Perform a patch test before using products containing cetanol. Follow safety guidelines and product labeling instructions. |
| UN IDs | Not applicable |
| HS Code | 2905.16.00 |
| Hazard Class | Not classified |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| Toxicity | Cetanol is considered non-toxic under normal conditions of use. However, individual sensitivities or allergies may vary. It is advisable to perform a patch test and consult a healthcare professional if any adverse reactions occur. |
Cetyl Alcohol Synthesis Methods
Various methods can synthesize cetanol. One common method involves hydrolyzing natural fats and oils to saponify triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. Subsequently, the hydrogenation of fatty acids converts unsaturated fatty acids into saturated fatty alcohols, including cetanol.
Another method is reducing palmitic acid, a 16-carbon fatty acid, using strong reducing agents such as lithium aluminum hydride or sodium borohydride. This reduction converts the carboxylic acid functional group of palmitic acid into the alcohol functional group, resulting in the formation of cetanol.
The catalytic hydrogenation of palmitic acid methyl ester produces cetanol. This process involves subjecting the ester to hydrogenation using a catalyst like palladium or nickel at elevated temperatures and pressures. The hydrogenation reaction breaks the ester bond and converts it into cetanol.
These synthesis methods enable the efficient production of cetanol on a commercial scale. Ensuring high yields and purity of the final product requires careful control of reaction conditions, selection of catalysts, and implementation of purification steps.
Cetyl Alcohol Uses
Cetanol finds a wide range of uses across various industries due to its unique properties and characteristics. Here are some common applications of cetanol:
- Personal care product manufacturers widely utilize cetanol to enhance the texture and consistency of skincare and hair care products. It moisturizes, softens, and provides a luxurious feel to creams, lotions, and conditioners.
- Cosmetic formulations incorporate cetanol as a thickener and stabilizer, boosting the texture, stability, and overall performance of products like lipsticks, foundations, and makeup primers.
- The pharmaceutical industry employs cetanol as an emulsifier and binder in the production of ointments, creams, and suppositories, aiding in their formulation and ensuring stability.
- Industries involved in rubber, plastics, and textiles manufacturing rely on cetanol as a lubricant, antistatic agent, and foam booster, which enhances the desired properties of the final products.
- In the food industry, cetanol serves as an emulsifier and texture enhancer, finding application in confectionery, chocolate, and baked goods production.
- Agrochemical formulations benefit from cetanol as an emulsifier and dispersant, improving the stability and effectiveness of pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides.
- Manufacturers of veterinary topical formulations utilize cetanol to create creams and ointments that moisturize and soothe animals, contributing to animal care.
The versatile nature of cetanol makes it a valuable ingredient in a wide range of products, contributing to their performance, texture, and overall consumer experience.
Questions:
Q: Is cetyl alcohol bad for hair?
A: No, cetanol is not bad for hair. It is a fatty alcohol commonly used in hair care products as a conditioning agent and emollient, providing moisturization without causing damage or drying out the hair.
Q: What is cetyl alcohol?
A: Cetanol is a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources like coconut oil or palm oil. It is a waxy substance that is used in various personal care products for its emollient and thickening properties.
Q: Is cetyl alcohol good for hair?
A: Yes, cetanol is beneficial for hair. It helps to condition and soften the hair, making it more manageable and adding a smooth, luxurious feel without causing dryness or damage.
Q: What does cetyl alcohol do to your skin?
A: Cetanol has moisturizing and emollient properties, which help to soften and smooth the skin. It is often used in skincare products to improve texture and provide a pleasant, non-greasy feel.
Q: Where can I buy cetyl alcohol?
A: Cetanol can be purchased from various suppliers, including cosmetic ingredient suppliers, online retailers, and specialized chemical stores. It is commonly available in the form of flakes or pellets.
Q: How to use cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol lotion?
A: To use cetanol and stearyl alcohol lotion, and mix them with other desired ingredients according to a specific recipe or formulation. Heat the mixture until all the ingredients are melted and well blended. Allow it to cool and solidify before applying it to the skin.
Q: What is the difference between cetyl alcohol and cetearyl alcohol?
A: The main difference is their composition. Cetanol is a single fatty alcohol, while cetearyl alcohol is a mixture of cetanol and stearyl alcohol. Cetearyl alcohol is often used as an emulsifier and thickener in cosmetic products.
Q: Is cetyl alcohol natural?
A: Cetanol can be derived from natural sources like coconut oil or palm oil. However, it can also be produced synthetically. It is important to check the source and manufacturing process of the cetanol to determine its natural origin.
Q: Is it safe to use cetyl alcohol?
A: Yes, cetanol is considered safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products when used as directed. It is non-toxic and does not pose significant health hazards. However, individuals with specific allergies or sensitivities should perform a patch test before use.